China's Carbon Fiber
Forskningen i kulfiberindustrien i Kina kan spores tilbage til 1960'erne.
However, until 2000, the industrialization of carbon fiber has not been realized, and due to the long-term development of carbon fiber preparation technology in China, various research units gradually began to have insufficient confidence. RD personnel from all walks of life have avoided the word "carbon fiber". At this time, it is the most difficult trough period for the localization and research and development of carbon fiber materials.
På denne baggrund tog hr. Shi Changxu, en strategisk videnskabsmand og akademiker fra det kinesiske videnskabsakademi og det kinesiske videnskabsakademi, føringen med at diskutere industrialiseringen af kulfiber i 2000.
At the beginning of 2001, the teacher sent a "request report on accelerating the development of high-performance carbon fiber" to the Party Central Committee. In October 2001, the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China decided to set up a special project on carbon fiber key technologies, code-named 304 special project.
Siden da er Kina officielt gået ind i den hurtige bane for uafhængig forskning og udvikling af kulfiber...
Hvordan bliver kulfiber populært i udlandet?
I slutningen af det 19. århundrede opfandt britiske Joseph Swan og amerikaneren Thomas Edison kultråden i jagten på forbedrede glødetråde. Selvom dette kulfilament blev erstattet af billigere wolframfilamenter på det tidspunkt, anses dette forkullede fibermateriale nu for at være det tidligste spirende produkt af kulfiber.
Edison
I den efterfølgende historiske udvikling er kulfilament altid blevet betragtet som en fiasko i filamentoptimering og har ikke fået opmærksomhed i industri og produktion.
Until that magical organization, NASA, appeared on the stage of history, this new type of aerospace material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength and low density was reconnected to modern civilization and was named "carbon fiber".
Just as diapers, air-cushioned shoes, and dehydrated vegetables have all moved from NASA to the civilian field, carbon fiber, as the "new love" found by NASA in the material industry, is naturally valued by various companies to see if it can be the first. A person who eats crabs is the first to seize the market and make a fortune.
As a result, the United Carbon Compound Company UCC entered the carbon fiber development industry, and in 1959 developed the world's first listed viscose-based carbon fiber material Thornel-25.
På det tidspunkt, under den kolde krig mellem Sovjetunionen og USA, tog forskellige våbenkapløb fart. Hvis du har en flyvemaskine, vil jeg tage til universet, og hvis du tager til universet, vil jeg tage til månen. Som et materiale med fremragende ydeevne inden for rumfart og militære områder er kulfiber også blevet meget brugt.
Første mand på månen: Armstrong
Da USA har brug for, så er der Japan lavet.
At that time, Japan, as the largest "trophy" of the United States in World War II, also began active research on carbon fiber.
In fact, UCC's Thornel-25 is actually not perfect. The technological name of carbon fiber was synonymous with banknotes in the 1950s. According to the price of gold at that time, carbon fiber of the same quality was more expensive than gold. The high cost of proper black gold became the biggest pain point of carbon fiber at that time.
I 1961 opfandt Akio Shinto fra Osaka Industrial Laboratory med succes teknologien til fremstilling af polyacrylonitril (PAN)-baserede kulfibre.
Shinto Akio
Tidligere var karboniseringsudbyttet af viskose-baserede fibre fra NASA relativt lavt, kun 20 procent. Det vil sige, efter at 100 kg viskose-baseret fiber er carboniseret, kan der kun opnås 20 kg kulfiber.
Ifølge den molekylære formel for viskose er andelen af kulstofatomer omkring 44 procent, men i karboniseringsprocessen reagerer halvdelen af kulstofatomerne med oxygen, brint og nitrogen. Dette resulterer også i den lavere ydeevne af viskose-baseret kulfiber, hvilket ikke er tilfredsstillende.
Akio Jindo brugte PAN til at have karakteristika for termisk stabilitet efter præ-oxidation, det vil sige under karboniseringsprocessen, er den kemiske aktivitet af carbonatomer i PAN-fibre ikke høj, og carbonatomerne kan være godt vedligeholdes.
Facts have proved that Kondo Akio's judgment is correct. The carbonization yield of the process route he developed is between 50-60 percent , and the performance is far superior to viscose-based fibers. The conversion rate has risen, and the price has naturally fallen. Since then, PAN has quickly replaced viscose-based carbon fibers. Now the share of viscose-based carbon fibers is less than 10 percent , while PAN-based carbon fibers account for more than 80 percent of the share.
Med den første-håndpræparationsteknologi af polyacrylonitril-precursor har Toray med succes været på forkant med fremstilling af kulfiber.
Subsequently, in 1971, Japan's Toray Company (Toray, English name 'Toray Industries, Inc) cooperated with United Carbon Compounds of the United States to produce T300 carbon fiber, and achieved mass production of 1 ton/month at that time.
Subsequently, Toray Company continued to upgrade the quality of carbon fiber along the T300, T800, T1000, and pioneered the addition of carbon fiber materials to sporting goods such as rackets, fishing rods, golf clubs, etc., which became a sought-after product in the sporting goods industry. Japan's Toray also rose to fame, becoming the world's largest manufacturer of carbon fiber materials.